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Pekin duck hatching eggs
Pekin duck hatching eggs






pekin duck hatching eggs pekin duck hatching eggs

Three hundred and sixty fertileĭuck eggs were incubated with a local electric hatching machine and 340 Sex of newly hatched chicks of Pekin ducks. This study was conducted to assess how the egg shape index determines the Go to Top Egg shape index for sex determination of post-hatch chicks in Pekin ducks: a solution for smallholder duck farming in Lombok Indonesia B Indarsih, M H Tamzil, D Kisworo and Y Aprilianti Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Mataram University Indonesia Jalan Majapahit No.62 Mataram, Lombok Abstract

  • Adjust, per flock age, RH % set points during the last two weeks of incubation for the next cycle if egg analysis shows high late mortality.įigure 1: Unwashed duck eggs of specific flock ages require specific relative humidity(%) during incubation: El-Hanoun et al.Egg shape index for sex determination of post-hatch chicks in Pekin ducks: a solution for smallholder duck farming in Lombok Indonesia Livestock Research for Rural Development 33 (4) 2021.
  • When the cuticle is not completely removed and varies between and within batches of eggs, relative humidity (RH) set points may need adjustment between each incubation cycle.
  • Porosity and thus weight loss depend on the level and uniformity of cuticle removal.
  • Weight loss cannot be controlled if variable amounts of cuticle remain after washing.
  • Follow procedures for cuticle removal very accurately and carefully.
  • Equalize moisture loss between different batches by washing all eggs in sodium hypochlorite solution to remove the cuticle.
  • Place eggs in a prewarming room 18-20 ☌ (64.5 – 68.0 ☏) for at least 12 h to avoid condensation (sweating) on the eggs.
  • The best-recorded hatchability of fertile, unwashed eggs has been recorded at 60% RH for eggs from young flock (25-35 wk), 65% RH for flock 36-55 wks of age and 70% for the older flock (56-65 wks) (figure 1). Late mortality can be reduced by using different incubation programs for different flock ages (El-Hanoun et al, 2012). However, despite oxygen entering the eggs more easily, the variability between eggshell porosity and thus late mortality persists, as an intrinsic characteristic of duck eggs. Increased conductance facilitates oxygen uptake by the late embryo. The mobilization of calcium carbonate from the inside of egg shell reduces shell thickness and frees pores previously blocked by calcium carbonate crystals. This process increases the risk of excessive evaporation and thus dehydration, which is easily overcome by increasing relative humidity (RH) during incubation.Įgg shell conductance also increases during incubation, because the shell becomes thinner and the number of pores increase during mineralization of the bones.

    pekin duck hatching eggs

    It is essential that this process thoroughly removes the cuticle from every egg, to avoid variation in the batch.

    pekin duck hatching eggs

    To equalize shell conductance within a batch of eggs, the cuticle is often removed by washing the eggs in a hypochlorite solution. In commercial duck incubation, variable cuticle thickness negatively influences hatchability. The cuticle - thicker on duck eggs than on those of the chicken - is a waxy, protein-rich layer that covers the pores of the egg shell, limiting the diffusion of water (= weight loss) and the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen. These features, the shell, porosity and cuticle depth of Peking duck eggs vary not only between flocks, but also within batches of eggs from a single flock. The porosity or conductance of the shell depends on the structure and density of the pores and shell thickness, including the cuticle. Peking duck eggs that weigh more than 100g are not exceptional. Finally, fully grown duck embryos suffocate due to an inadequate supply of oxygen.ĭuck eggs differ from chicken eggs in size and shell porosity. These embryos die during the fourth week of incubation as a result of insufficient water evaporation (= egg weight loss) from the eggs. In duck incubation, the most common challenge is the high number of so-called ‘drowned’ or ‘wet-embryos’. The incubation of Peking duck eggs is often thought more complicated than that of chicken eggs, primarily because of unfamiliarity with the specific properties of duck eggs that have an impact on incubation.








    Pekin duck hatching eggs